Dataset title:  Biogeochemical data collected in the eastern marl prairies of the Everglades (Florida, USA) before and after fire, between the years 2018 and 2021

Dataset ID:  doi:10.6073/pasta/b202c11db7c64943f6b4ed9f8c17fb25
Dataset Creator

	Name:		Andrea Nocentini
	Organization:	FIU
	Email:		anocentini@fiu.edu

	Name:		John Kominoski
	Organization:	FIU
	Email:		jkominos@fiu.edu


Dataset Abstract

	The data included in this database were collected within a project funded by Everglades National Park (ENP). The project was aimed at understanding how fire, characterized by different intensities, differentially affects nutrient cycling in oligotrophic wetlands with distinct levels of phosphorus limitation. The data were collected in the eastern part of the Everglades, close to the boundary of ENP, in South Florida (Homestead). This part of ENP is characterized by marl soils, which are shallow (often less than 10 cm) and C-poor. The data were collected at two sites: one site was more oligotrophic (LP), while the other one had a certain degree of phosphorus enrichment (HP). The database includes date and location (i.e. site and plot) of each sampling event, surface water physio-chemistry, vegetation composition and structure, including dominant macrophyte estimated biomass, litter and root decomposition rates, and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations in the soil, flocculent detrital material, periphyton, sawgrass leaves and roots, and the water column. All these data were collected at different times between September 2018 and March 2021, before and after a prescribed fire that was carried out in February 2020 and which burned all the plots. Each row within the database identifies a unique combination of date and sampling plot.



Geographic Coverage


	Bounding Coordinates

		Geographic description:	West of Aerojet Road (Homestead, FL, USA): two sites located half way along and at the end of the Aerojet Canal
		West bounding coordinate:	-80.56669166
		East bounding coordinate:	-80.56669166
		North bounding coordinate:	25.35168
		South bounding coordinate:	25.31937556
	



Temporal Coverage

	Start Date:  2018-09-03
	End Date:  2021-03-12


Data Table

	Entity Name:  Aerojet database_Nocentini and Kominoski 2021
	Entity Description:  Biogeochemical data collected in the eastern marl prairies of the Everglades (Florida, USA) before and after fire, between the years 2018 and 2021
	Object Name:  FCE1233.txt

	Data Format

		Number of Header Lines:  1
		Attribute Orientation:  column
		Field Delimiter:  ,
		Number of Records:  

	Attributes

		Attribute Name:  Site_name
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Name of the site (LP=low phosphorus; HP=high phosphorus).
		Storage Type:  string
		Measurement Scale: 
			Name of the site (LP=low phosphorus; HP=high phosphorus).
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  Plot
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Name of the plot. Each site was composed of three transects, each of them including three plots. C are the plots closest to the Aerojet canal; S are the plots furthest from the Aerojet canal; MS are the plots in the middle; within each site, 1 is the southernmost transect, while 3 is the northernmost transect.
		Storage Type:  string
		Measurement Scale: 
			Name of the plot. Each site was composed of three transects, each of them including three plots. C are the plots closest to the Aerojet canal; S are the plots furthest from the Aerojet canal; MS are the plots in the middle; within each site, 1 is the southernmost transect, while 3 is the northernmost transect.
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  UTM_longitude
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Longitude, indicating the geographical position of the plot.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  meter
			Number Type:  natural
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  UTM_latitude
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Latitude, indicating the geographical position of the plot.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  meter
			Number Type:  natural
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  Date
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Date of sampling.
		Storage Type:  date
		Measurement Scale: 
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  Year
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Year of sampling.
		Storage Type:  date
		Measurement Scale: 
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  DOY
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Day of the year as continuous number. Example: February 4th is 35.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  natural
		Missing Value Code: 


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_depth
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Depth of the surface water, measured from the surface to the bottom soil.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  centimeter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_temperature
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Temperature of the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  celsius
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_DO
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Dissolved oxygen of the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  milligramPerLiter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_pH
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  pH of the surface water, indicating the acidity.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_coductivity
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Specific conductivity of the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		microSiemenPerCentimeter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Soil_depth
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Depth of the soil, measured from the surface down to the bottom limestone.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  centimeter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Plant_species_composition
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  List of all the plant species recorded.
		Storage Type:  string
		Measurement Scale: 
			List of all the plant species recorded.
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Count_live_sawgrass
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total count of live sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) plants.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  natural
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Count_dead_sawgrass
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total count of dead sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) plants.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  whole
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_height
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Mean height of 15 sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) plants, randomly chosen.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  centimeter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_width
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Mean stem width of 15 sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) plants, randomly chosen.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  millimeter
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Aboveground_estimated_biomass_sawgrass
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) aboveground live biomass estimated using the total count, and the height and width of the 15 plants randomly selected. An allometric relationship was employed for the estimation.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  gramPerMeterSquared
			Number Type:  natural
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Soil_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in the soil.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Soil_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the soil.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Soil_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in the soil.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Soil_OM
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Organic matter content of the soil.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  percent
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Floc_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in the flocculent detrital material.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Floc_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the flocculent detrital material.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Floc_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in the flocculent detrital material.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Periphyton_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in the periphyton mats.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Periphyton_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the periphyton mats.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Periphyton_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in the periphyton mats.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_leaf_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) leaves.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_leaf_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) leaves.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_leaf_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) leaves.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_coarseroot_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) coarse roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_coarseroot_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) coarse roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_coarseroot_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) coarse roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_fineroot_TC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total carbon concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) fine roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_fineroot_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) fine roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		milligramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_fineroot_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) fine roots.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  microgramPerGram
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_TOC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total organic carbon concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_DOC
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total dissolved organic carbon concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_TN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_inorganicN
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total inorganic nitrogen concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_NO3-N
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the form of nitrate in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_NO2-N
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the form of nitrite in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_NH3/NH4-N
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total nitrogen concentration in the form of ammonia/ammonium in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_TP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total phosphorus concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Surface_water_SRP
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  Total soluble reactive phosphorus concentration in the surface water.
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:		partsPerMillion
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Litter_decomposition_rate
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  k value representing rate of decomposition of sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) litter material
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_coarseroot_decomposition_rate
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  k value representing rate of decomposition of sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) coarse root material
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)


		Attribute Name:  Sawgrass_fineroot_decomposition_rate
		Attribute Label:  
		Attribute Definition:  k value representing rate of decomposition of sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) fine root material
		Storage Type:  float
		Measurement Scale: 
			Units:  dimensionless
			Number Type:  real
		Missing Value Code: NA  (not measured)




Methods



	Method Step 

		Description 

			
  In each plot, within a 1 × 1m sub-plot we counted the number of live
  and dead plants of each species, and the height and diameter of
  n = 15 random sawgrass culms in order to estimate
  aboveground biomass using previously derived allometric relationships
  between culm height, diameter and biomass.

			
  From each plot, sawgrass plants (including roots) were collected
  before and after fire at different times; all samples were conserved
  at 4°C until processing. The biomass was divided into shoots
  (aboveground), and coarse and fine (< 2mm) roots (belowground) and
  oven-dried at 40°C for 72 h. Afterwards, sub-samples were ground using
  an 8000D ball mill (SPEX SamplePrep, New Jersey, United States) and
  analyzed for C, N and P concentrations. For CN samples were ran
  through a CE Flash 1112 elemental analyzer (CE Elantech, New Jersey,
  USA) using standard procedures. For P samples underwent a
  dry-oxidation acid hydrolysis extraction followed by a colorimetric
  analysis of phosphate using a UV-2450 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu,
  Kyoto, Japan).

			
  Every three months, using a digital water quality meter probe (YSI,
  Ohio, USA), we measured in each plot water temperature, pH,
  conductivity and dissolved oxygen; water depth was recorded each time
  as well.

			
  From each plot, two (filtered and unfiltered) surface water samples
  were collected before and after fire at different times. All samples
  were collected into high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles, and one
  sample at each plot was filtered through a 0.45‐μm nylon membrane
  filter (Whatman, Inc.). Unfiltered samples were conserved at 4 °C
  until analysis, while the filtered samples were frozen. The unfiltered
  samples were analyzed for total organic C (TOC), and total N (TN) and
  P (TP), while the filtered samples were analyzed for dissolved organic
  C (DOC), total inorganic N (TIN) and soluble reactive phosphorus
  (SRP). Total/dissolved organic C was determined by introducing the
  sample into a combustion tube and oxidizing it to form
  CO2, which was detected by a Non Dispersive
  InfraRed (NDIR) detector. TN was determined through conversion to
  nitric oxide, reaction with ozone, and detection of the
  chemiluminescent emission by a photomultiplier tube. TP was determined
  by oxidizing and hydrolyzing all of the phosphorus-containing
  compounds to SRP. Analysis for inorganic filtered nutrients,
  ammonia/ammonium as N (NH3/NH4-N), nitrite as N (NO2-N), nitrate and
  nitrite as N (N+N), and soluble reactive phosphorus as P (SRP), were
  simultaneously performed by wet chemical analysis using a four-channel
  Rapid Flow Analyzer based on standard EPA procedures.

			
  From each plot, one periphyton and one floc (i.e., flocculent detrital
  organic matter) samples were collected before and after fire at
  different times. Periphyton was grabbed floating from the water
  surface or, when the system was dry, from the soil surface. Floc was
  collected in the water near the soil surface using a baster.
  Periphyton samples were frozen until analysis, while floc samples were
  conserved at 4°C. Both periphyton (after cleaning it from dead plant
  material and rocks) and floc were oven dried at 40°C for several days
  until their high moisture content completely evaporated. The samples
  were then ground and analyzed for total C, N and P concentrations.

			
  In each plot we measured soil depth by sticking a metal rod down in
  the soil until it reached the underlying limestone.

			
  From each plot, two soil cores (54-mm diameter) were collected before
  and after fire at different times; all samples were conserved at 4°C
  until analysis. At the time of sampling, soil cores depth was recorded
  in order to derive the volume needed for bulk density calculation.
  After collection, the fresh weight of soil sub-samples was obtained,
  then the sub-samples were over-dried at 40°C for 120 h before dry
  weight measurement. Soil bulk density was calculated as the ratio
  between the estimated dry weight of the sample and its volume. The
  dried sub-samples were then ground and analyzed for C, N, and P
  concentrations.

			
  Air-dried sawgrass root and leaf material collected at the LP and HP
  sites was used to study decomposition rates in the soil. The material,
  divided into litter (leaf), coarse roots and fine roots was placed
  into 1-mm nylon mesh bags; each bag contained ~3 (leaf litter), ~5
  (coarse roots), or ~1 (fine roots) g of dry matter. Before deployment,
  sub-samples were placed in the oven at 60°C for 72 h to estimate
  residual moisture content. Root decomposition bags were placed in the
  soil, at a depth between surface and 20cm, inside the holes dug during
  soil cores collection. Leaf litter bags were placed on the soil
  surface, homogenized with the rest of the litter. Each bag was tied
  with fishing line to a marker stick and to a weight that prevented it
  from floating. All decomposition bags were incubated in the soil for 1
  year before the burn treatment (January 2019 to December 2020), then
  new bags were placed after the burn for another year (March 2020 to
  March 2021). After each 1-year period of incubation, the bags were
  retrieved from the soil, and the material, after being rinsed over a
  sieve, was oven-dried at 60°C for 72 h before weighing. The difference
  in mass between deployment date and retrieval date allowed us to
  calculate decomposition rates. Decomposition rates, expressed as
  k, were estimated using a linear regression of
  the ln‐transformed fraction of dry mass remaining versus time. The
  model is shown in the following equation:

			
  $$M_{t} = M_{0} \times e^{-kt}$$

			
  Where M0 is the initial mass, Mt
  is the mass on a given sampling day, and
  t is the time of incubation in days.



Dataset Contact

	Name:		Andrea Nocentini
	Organization:	FIU
	Email:		anocentini@fiu.edu