Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park (FCE) for February 2001 to December 2002
At a Glance
Authors: Rudolf Jaffe
Time period: 2001-02-20 to 2002-12-17
Package id: knb-lter-fce.1101.5
Dataset id: LT_ND_Jaffe_003
Jaffe, R.. 2024. Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park (FCE) for February 2001 to December 2002. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/3dd491d35a795e2deb1354cdb113edb2. Dataset accessed 2024-12-04.
Geographic Coverage
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Dataset Creator(s)
- Name: Dr. Rudolf Jaffe
- Position: Lead Principal Investigator
- Organization: Florida Coastal Everglades LTER Program
- Address: Florida International University
University Park
Miami, Florida 33199 USA - Phone: 305-348-2456
- Email: jaffer@fiu.edu
- URL: http://serc.fiu.edu/sercindex/index.htm
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Dataset AbstractDissolved organic matter plays an important role in biogeochemical processes in aquatic environments such as elemental cycling, microbial loop energetics, and the transport of materials across landscapes. Since most of N (Greater than 90%) and P (around 90%) is in the organic form in the oligotrophic subtropical Florida Coastal Estuaries (FCES), study of the source and dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ecosystem is crucial for the better understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients. FCES are composed of estuaries with distinct regions with different biogeochemical processes. Florida Bay (FB) is a wedge-shaped shallow oligotrophic estuary which lays south of the Everglades, the bottom of which is covered with a dense biomass of seagrass. Whitewater bay (WWB) is a semi-enclosed mangrove estuary with a relatively long residence time, which receives overland freshwater input from the Everglades marshes. Ten thousand Islands (TTI) covers the southwest margin of the Florida Coastal Everglades, which are highly compartmentalized by local geomorphology. The sources of both freshwater and nutrients in FCES are difficult to quantify, owing to the non-point source nature of runoff from the Everglades and the dendritic cross channels in the mangroves. Furthermore, the combination of multiple DOM sources (freshwater marsh vegetation, mangroves, phytoplankton, seagrass, etc.), and the potential seasonal variability of their relative contribution, along with the history of (photo)chemical and microbial diagenetic processing, and complex advective circulation, makes the study of DOM dynamics in FCES particularly difficult using standard schemes of estuarine ecology. Quantitative information of DOM is very useful to investigate the biogeochemical cycling of DOM to a certain degree, however, qualitative information is necessary to better understand the source and dynamics of DOM. Since fluorescence spectroscopic techniques are very sensitive, quick and simple, they have been applied to investigate the fate of DOM in estuaries.
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Geographic CoverageStudy Extent Description
The Study Extent of this dataset includes the southwest FCE and Florida Bay research sites within Everglades National Park, South Florida
Bounding Coordinates
Card Sound Bridge
N: 25.274, S: 25.274, E: -80.375, W: -80.375
Middle Bay
N: 25.285, S: 25.285, E: -80.395, W: -80.395
Manatee Bay
N: 25.251, S: 25.251, E: -80.415, W: -80.415
Barnes Sound
N: 25.222, S: 25.222, E: -80.388, W: -80.388
Blackwater Sound
N: 25.174, S: 25.174, E: -80.423, W: -80.423
L. Blackwater Sound
N: 25.207, S: 25.207, E: -80.440, W: -80.440
Highway Creek
N: 25.254, S: 25.254, E: -80.444, W: -80.444
Long Sound
N: 25.227, S: 25.227, E: -80.462, W: -80.462
Duck Key
N: 25.177, S: 25.177, E: -80.492, W: -80.492
Joe Bay
N: 25.224, S: 25.224, E: -80.537, W: -80.537
L. Madeira Bay
N: 25.175, S: 25.175, E: -80.627, W: -80.627
Terrapin Bay
N: 25.140, S: 25.140, E: -80.716, W: -80.716
Whipray Basin
N: 25.091, S: 25.091, E: -80.755, W: -80.755
Garfield Bight
N: 25.150, S: 25.150, E: -80.809, W: -80.809
Rankin Lake
N: 25.121, S: 25.121, E: -80.803, W: -80.803
Murray Key
N: 25.118, S: 25.118, E: -80.940, W: -80.940
Johnson Key Basin
N: 25.042, S: 25.042, E: -80.915, W: -80.915
Rabbit Key Basin
N: 25.002, S: 25.002, E: -80.900, W: -80.900
Twin Key Basin
N: 24.978, S: 24.978, E: -80.954, W: -80.954
Peterson Key
N: 24.930, S: 24.930, E: -80.750, W: -80.750
Porpoise Lake
N: 25.007, S: 25.007, E: -80.681, W: -80.681
Captain's Key
N: 25.040, S: 25.040, E: -80.614, W: -80.614
Park Key
N: 25.118, S: 25.118, E: -80.600, W: -80.600
Butternut Key
N: 25.102, S: 25.102, E: -80.531, W: -80.531
East Cape
N: 25.084, S: 25.084, E: -81.081, W: -81.081
Oxfoot Bank
N: 24.981, S: 24.981, E: -81.002, W: -81.002
Sprigger Bank
N: 24.919, S: 24.919, E: -80.935, W: -80.935
Old Dan Bank
N: 24.867, S: 24.867, E: -80.807, W: -80.807
First Bay
N: 25.555, S: 25.555, E: -81.184, W: -81.184
Third Bay
N: 25.580, S: 25.580, E: -81.121, W: -81.121
Big Lostman's Bay
N: 25.568, S: 25.568, E: -81.071, W: -81.071
Cabbage Island
N: 25.529, S: 25.529, E: -81.043, W: -81.043
Broad River Bay
N: 25.500, S: 25.500, E: -81.049, W: -81.049
Middle Broad River
N: 25.486, S: 25.486, E: -81.111, W: -81.111
Mouth Broad River
N: 25.475, S: 25.475, E: -81.153, W: -81.153
S.Mouth Harney River
N: 25.412, S: 25.412, E: -81.141, W: -81.141
Harney River Junction
N: 25.432, S: 25.432, E: -81.082, W: -81.082
Tarpon Bay
N: 25.417, S: 25.417, E: -80.998, W: -80.998
Gunboat Island
N: 25.379, S: 25.379, E: -81.031, W: -81.031
Ponce de Leon Bay
N: 25.350, S: 25.350, E: -81.125, W: -81.125
Oyster Bay
N: 25.331, S: 25.331, E: -81.073, W: -81.073
N.of Marker 36
N: 25.326, S: 25.326, E: -81.015, W: -81.015
W.of Marker 34
N: 25.286, S: 25.286, E: -81.024, W: -81.024
Watson R.Chickee
N: 25.332, S: 25.332, E: -80.984, W: -80.984
Mouth North River
N: 25.301, S: 25.301, E: -80.960, W: -80.960
Midway Keys
N: 25.285, S: 25.285, E: -80.976, W: -80.976
Mouth of Roberts R.
N: 25.280, S: 25.280, E: -80.931, W: -80.931
W.of Marker 18
N: 25.241, S: 25.241, E: -80.958, W: -80.958
SE of Marker 12
N: 25.228, S: 25.228, E: -80.933, W: -80.933
Coot Bay
N: 25.191, S: 25.191, E: -80.914, W: -80.914
Chokoloskee
N: 25.808, S: 25.808, E: -81.350, W: -81.350
Rabbit Key Pass
N: 25.770, S: 25.770, E: -81.383, W: -81.383
Lopez Bay
N: 25.784, S: 25.784, E: -81.332, W: -81.332
Lopez River
N: 25.785, S: 25.785, E: -81.309, W: -81.309
Sunday Bay
N: 25.796, S: 25.796, E: -81.280, W: -81.280
Huston Bay
N: 25.753, S: 25.753, E: -81.255, W: -81.255
Upper Chatham R.
N: 25.718, S: 25.718, E: -81.231, W: -81.231
Middle Chatham R.
N: 25.708, S: 25.708, E: -81.252, W: -81.252
Gun Rock Pt.
N: 25.692, S: 25.692, E: -81.299, W: -81.299
Oyster Bay
N: 25.731, S: 25.731, E: -81.285, W: -81.285
Chevelier Bay
N: 25.712, S: 25.712, E: -81.207, W: -81.207
Alligator Bay
N: 25.670, S: 25.670, E: -81.169, W: -81.169
Lostman's Five Bay
N: 25.633, S: 25.633, E: -81.145, W: -81.145
Barron River
N: 25.853, S: 25.853, E: -81.393, W: -81.393
Indian Key Pass
N: 25.827, S: 25.827, E: -81.441, W: -81.441
Indian Key
N: 25.805, S: 25.805, E: -81.463, W: -81.463
West Pass
N: 25.830, S: 25.830, E: -81.503, W: -81.503
Panther Key
N: 25.849, S: 25.849, E: -81.542, W: -81.542
Faka Union Pass
N: 25.874, S: 25.874, E: -81.516, W: -81.516
Faka Union River
N: 25.900, S: 25.900, E: -81.516, W: -81.516
White Horse Key
N: 25.867, S: 25.867, E: -81.575, W: -81.575
Dismal Key
N: 25.894, S: 25.894, E: -81.559, W: -81.559
Gullivan Bay
N: 25.882, S: 25.882, E: -81.606, W: -81.606
Shell Key
N: 25.911, S: 25.911, E: -81.615, W: -81.615
Blackwater River
N: 25.930, S: 25.930, E: -81.600, W: -81.600
FCE LTER Sites
SRS4,SRS5,TS/Ph9 and TS/Ph11
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Temporal CoverageStart Date: 2001-02-20
End Date: 2002-12-17
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Attributes
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Data Table: Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park for February 2001-December 2002.Attribute Name:SITENAMEAttribute Label:sitenameAttribute Definition:Name of LTER siteStorage Type:textMeasurement Scale:textMissing Value Code:Attribute Name:DateAttribute Label:dateAttribute Definition:Collection dateStorage Type:datetimeMeasurement Scale:Missing Value Code:Attribute Name:Max_WLAttribute Label:Maximum WavelengthAttribute Definition:Emission wavelength that gives maximum emission intensity at a fixed excitation wavelength of 313nm.Storage Type:dataMeasurement Scale:Units: nanometerPrecision: 1
Number Type: realMissing Value Code:-9999 (Value will never be recorded)Attribute Name:Max_IAttribute Label:Maximum IntensityAttribute Definition:Maximum emission intensity at a fixed excitation wavelength of 313nm.Storage Type:dataMeasurement Scale:Units: QSUPrecision: 0.1
Number Type: realMissing Value Code:-9999.0 (Value will never be recorded)Attribute Name:FIAttribute Label:Fluorescence IndexAttribute Definition:Ratio of emission intensities at 450 and 500 nm obtained at a fixed excitation of 370 nm.Storage Type:dataMeasurement Scale:Units: dimensionlessPrecision: 0.001
Number Type: realMissing Value Code:-9999.000 (Value will never be recorded)Attribute Name:%Peak_1Attribute Label:Percent Peak 1Attribute Definition:Percentage of the maximum emission intensity of the first peak of the sychronous scan.Storage Type:dataMeasurement Scale:Units: percentPrecision: 1
Number Type: realMissing Value Code:-9999 (Value will never be recorded)
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Data Table: Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park for February 2001-December 2002.
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MethodsSampling Description
Water samples were collected monthly during February 2001 to December 2002 from a total of 73 sampling stations located in the coastal estuaries of the southern tip of the Florida Peninsula, USA. These stations were established for an on-going water quality monitoring program (http://www.serc.fiu.edu/wqmnetwork). Sampling stations can be largely grouped into 3 distinct districts based on the geomorphological features, that is, Florida Bay (FB, 27 sampling stations), Ten Thousands Islands (TTI, 39 sampling stations), and Whitewater Bay (WWB, 8 sampling stations). Surface water samples were taken from the southwest coast of Florida. The samples were collected using pre-washed, brown Nalgen polyethylene bottles (Nalge Nunc International). Salinity of the water samples was measured in the field using an Orion salinity meter. The samples were stored on ice and returned to the laboratory within 8 h for analysis. Subsamples for spectroscopic analysis were filtered through precombusted Whatman GF/F glass fiber filters once received in the laboratory and analyzed immediately.
Method Step
Description
Total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations were analyzed by a high-temperature combustion method with a Shimadzu TOC_5000A TOC analyzer. In advance to the analysis, samples were acidified with 3M HCl and purged with N2 gas to remove inorganic C. Ancillary physical and chemical parameters were measured using standard methods as a part of on-going estuarine water quality monitoring program htt://www.serc.fiu.edu/wqmnetwork. Detailed methods will be found elsewhere. Fluorescence emission spectra were recorded at room temperature (20 degrees C) using a Perkin Elmer LS50B spectrofluorometer equipped with a 150-W Xenon arc lamp as the light source. Two fluorescence indices were obtained by single emission scan measurements at excitation wavelengths of 313 nm and 370 nm. For each scan, fluorescence intensity was measured at emission wavelengths ranging from 330 to 550 nm and from 385 to 550 nm, respectively with a 10nm bandpass for excitation and emission wavelengths. From the 313 nm scan the maximum intensity and maximum wavelength were determined (Donard, et al.,1989; De Souza Sierra et al., 1997). From the 370 nm scan a flurescence index (FI) was calculated (McKnight et al., 2001). Scan speed was set at 400 nm/min. Milli_Q water was used as a reference for all fluorescence analysis. Total maximum fluorescence intensity (Max I) and the fluorescence index, (FI) were determined at an excitation wavelength of 370 nm (Battin, 1998; McKnight et al., 2001). The maximum fluorescence emission wavelength (Max WL) was determined using an excitation wavelength of 313 nm (De Souza Sierra et al., 1997). In order to facilitate comparisons with other studies, the Max I was expressed in quinine sulfate units (QSU; 1 ng L-1 of quinine sulface monohydroxide). Synchronous excitation emission flurescence spectra of the water samples were obtained at constant offset value between excitation and emission wavelengths (delta lamda = lamda em - lamda ex). All spectra were recorded at an offset value of 30 nm with a slit width of 10 nm (Lu and Jaffe, 2001; Lu et al., 2003). The intensities of the four main peaks in the spectrum, namely at 275-286 nm (Peak I), 350nm (Peak II), 385 nm (Peak III) and 460 nm (Peak IV) were determined and the relative intensity of Peak I within this group was reported as %PeakI. All the fluorescence spectra were corrected for inner-filter effect according to McKnight et al. (2001) using UV-Vis absorption spectra. UV visible measurements of the water samples were carried out with 1 cm quartz UV visible cells at room temperature (20 degrees C), using a Shimadzu UV-visible double beam spectrophotometer. Milli-Q water was used as the reference. Instrument bias related to wavelength dependent efficiencies of the specific instrument's optical component was not corrected in this experiment, therefore, comparison of optical variables with other researcher's data was not conducted, instead limited the use to investigate our data set.
References:
Battin, T J 1998. Dissolved organic matter and its optical properties in a blackwater tributary of the upper Orinoco river, Venezuela. Organic Geochemistry, 28: 561-569.
De Souza Sierra, M M 1997. Spectral identification and behavior of dissolved organic fluorescence material during estuarine mixing processes. Marine Chemistry, 58: 51-58.
Donard, O F 1989. High-sensitivity fluorescence spectroscopy of Mediterranean waters using a conventional or a pulsed laser excitation source. Marine Chemistry, 27: 117-136.
Lu, X Q 2003. Molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter in freshwater wetlands of the Florida Everglades. Water Research, 37: 2599-2606.
McKnight, Donard M 2001. Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity. Limnology and Oceanography, 46: 38-48.
Instrumentation
Whatman 0.7um glass fiber filers, Shimadzu TOC-5000A Analyzer, Perkin Elmer LS50B Spectrofluorometer, Shimadzu UV-2101PC UV-VIS SpectrophotometerQuality Control
Statistical analysis. Box plots were plotted using SigmaPlot 2001 software (SPSS Inc.). Graph data as a box representing statistical values. The center horizontal line within the box is the median of the data, the top and bottom of the box are the 25th and 75th percentiles (quartiles), and the ends of the whiskers are the 10th and 90th percentiles. Outliers (Less than 10th and greater than 90th percentiles) were excluded from the graphs to reduce visual compression. Some quantitative and qualitative TOC and DOC variables were grouped into dry (November-May) and wet (June-October) season, and their seasonal and geomophological variations were analyzed by Student's T-test using JMP 5.0.1 software (SAS Institute Inc.).
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Distribution and Intellectual RightsOnline distribution
https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-fce/1101/5/332486395ce04bfca6d5e11646fbe606
Data Submission Date: 2005-09-29
Intellectual Rights
This information is released under the Creative Commons license - Attribution - CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) is required to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.
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Keywordsorganic matter, FCE, Florida Coastal Everglades LTER, ecological research, long-term monitoring, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, Whitewater Bay, Dissolved organic matter, Florida Coastal Estuaries (FCES), biogeochemical processes, fluorescence, emissions, freshwater, mangroves, estuaries, organisms, water
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Dataset Contact
- Name: Rudolf Jaffe
- Position: Project Collaborator
- Organization: Florida Coastal Everglades LTER Program
- Address: Florida International University
University Park
OE 148
Miami, Florida 33199 USA - Phone: 305-348-2456
- Fax: 305-348-4096
- Email: jaffer@fiu.edu
- URL: http://serc.fiu.edu/sercindex/index.htm
- Position: Information Manager
- Organization: Florida Coastal Everglades LTER
- Address: Florida International University
11200 SW 8th Street, OE 148
Miami, FL 33199 USA - Email: fcelter@fiu.edu
- URL: https://fcelter.fiu.edu
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Data Table and FormatData Table: Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park for February 2001-December 2002.Entity Name:LT_ND_Jaffe_003Entity Description:Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Florida Bay, Ten Thousand Islands, and Whitewater Bay, in southwest coast of Everglades National Park for February 2001-December 2002.Object Name:LT_ND_Jaffe_003.csvNumber of Header Lines:1Attribute Orientation:columnField Delimiter:,Number of Records:1725
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Metadata Provider
- Organization: Florida Coastal Everglades LTER
- Address: Florida International University
11200 SW 8th Street, OE 148
Miami, FL 33199 USA - Phone: 305-348-6054
- Email: fcelter@fiu.edu
- URL: https://fcelter.fiu.edu